Autoimmune Diseases and Antinuclear Antibody Testing: Methods and Staining Patterns (by LabCE)

2.5 P.A.C.E. contact hour(s)

(based on 477 customer ratings)

Robert R. Boyes and David J. Moffa, PhD, BCLD
Reviewer: Nadine Lerret, PhD, MLS(ASCP)CM

Course provided by LabCE.

This course concentrates and expands upon both the diagnosis and laboratory testing for autoimmune diseases, as well as on the interpretation of antinuclear antibody (ANA) staining patterns. Laboratory methods for detection and identification of ANAs are complex. Proper training is required to correctly interpret results at both the laboratory and clinical level. This educational program provides a comprehensive review of the methods, interpretation, and clinical significance of ANA testing. The material presented will describe various autoimmune diseases with emphasis on diagnosis.

See more courses in: Immunology / Serology

Continuing Education Credits

P.A.C.E.® Contact Hours (acceptable for AMT, ASCP, and state recertification): 2.5 hour(s)
Course number 578-056-21, approved through 9/30/2023
Florida Board of Clinical Laboratory Personnel Credit Hours - General (Serology/Immunology): 2.5 hour(s)
Course number 20-853587, approved through 9/30/2023

Objectives

  • Understand the autoimmune reaction and describe the various types of autoimmune diseases.
  • Describe the signs, symptoms, and causes of autoimmune diseases.
  • Describe the laboratory tests and exams used to diagnose autoimmune diseases.
  • Define the antinuclear antibody test (ANA) and explain the differences in ANA methods.
  • Distinguish positive from negative samples.
  • Identify and classify ANA patterns.
  • Discuss the clinical significance of ANAs.

Customer Ratings

(based on 477 customer ratings)

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Course Outline

  • Copyright and Disclosure
      • Copyright
      • Disclosure
  • Overview of Autoimmune Diseases
      • Autoimmune Disease Definition and Overview
      • Autoimmune Disease Overview, continued
      • Initiation of Autoimmune Disease
      • Table 1: Common Autoimmune Diseases
      • Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (SARDs)
      • Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (SARDs), continued
      • Signs, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases
      • Diagnosis of Autoimmune Diseases: Laboratory Testing
      • Laboratory Tests: Autoantibodies
  • Introduction to ANA testing
      • Antinuclear Antibody Test
      • Antinuclear Antibody Test: Background, History, and Overview
      • Cell Morphology (HEp-2 or HEp-2000 Cell)
      • Stages of Mitosis
  • ANA Testing Methods
      • Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)
      • Fluorescent ANA Testing
      • Colorzyme®
      • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
      • Other Methods for ANA Testing
      • Conditions Associated with a Positive ANA Test
  • ANA Pattern Interpretation
      • Reading ANA Patterns Using a HEp-2 or HEp-2000® Substrate
      • ANA Testing Scheme
      • Follow-up Testing
      • Antigen Chart
  • ANA Patterns
      • ANA patterns
      • Negative
      • Homogeneous (AC-1)
      • Speckled (AC-5)
      • Nucleolar (AC9)
      • Centromere (AC-3)
      • SSA/Ro Pattern
      • Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) (AC-13)
      • Nuclear Membrane (AC-11)
    • Unusual or Atypical Speckled Patterns
      • Unusual or Atypical Speckled Patterns: Overview
      • Description of Unusual or Atypical Speckled Patterns
      • Description of Unusual or Atypical Speckled Patterns (continued)
    • Mixed ANA Pattterns
      • Mixed ANA Patterns: Overview
      • Homogeneous and Speckled
      • Homogeneous and Centromere
      • Homogeneous and SSA/Ro (on HEp-2000®)
      • Speckled and SSA/Ro Pattern
      • Scl-70 Pattern
      • Other Mixed Patterns
    • Cytoplasmic Patterns
      • Cytoplasmic ANA Patterns: Overview
      • Common Cytoplasmic Staining Patterns
      • Common Cytoplasmic Staining Patterns (continued)
  • References
      • References

Additional Information

Level of instruction: Intermediate
Intended Audience: Clinical laboratory professionals including medical laboratory scientists, medical technologists, and technicians. This course is also appropriate for clinical laboratory science and MLT students, pathologists, clinicians, and rheumatologists.
Author Information: Robert R. Boyes was the former Sr. Vice President and General Manager for Immuno Concepts located in Sacramento, California. His degree is in Medical Technology. In his career as a clinical laboratory professional, he has worked in hospital laboratories, specialty clinics, and in the corporate setting. Mr. Boyes has conducted numerous research presentations and has authored or co-authored several publications related to antinuclear antibodies.
Author Information: David J. Moffa, PhD, BCLD, has over 30 years of experience in the healthcare industry as an executive manager, clinical laboratory director, and medical laboratory scientist. He is currently a technical consultant for Kentmere Healthcare, Wilmington, DE, and until his retirement, was the Regional Director for LabCorp, Inc. He holds a PhD in medical biochemistry from the School of Medicine, West Virginia University.
Reviewer Information:  Nadine Lerret, PhD, MLS(ASCP)CM ​is an assistant professor in the Department of Medical Laboratory Science at Rush University in Chicago, Illinois. She is currently the Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Immunology Course Director and performs research focused on the interplay between hyperglycemia and the immune system. She received a PhD in immunology from Rush University and then was a Postdoctoral fellow in the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension at Northwestern University in Chicago, Illinois.
Course Description: This course concentrates and expands upon both the diagnosis and laboratory testing for autoimmune diseases, as well as on the interpretation of antinuclear antibody (ANA) staining patterns. Laboratory methods for detection and identification of ANAs are complex. Proper training is required to correctly interpret results at both the laboratory and clinical level. This educational program provides a comprehensive review of the methods, interpretation, and clinical significance of ANA testing.

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